Precision machining is technically difficult, has many influencing factors, involves a wide range of areas, has high investment intensity, and has strong product personality. Its main contents include the following aspects:

(1) Processed materials: The processed materials of precision machining have strict requirements on chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties, chemical properties, and processing properties. They should have uniform texture, stable performance, and no macroscopic and microscopic defects inside and outside. Only the processed materials that meet the performance requirements can achieve the expected effect of precision machining.

(2) Processing equipment and process equipment: Precision machining should have high-precision, high-rigidity, high-stability and automated machine tools, corresponding diamond tools, cubic nitride tools, diamond grinding wheels, cubic nitride grinding wheels, and corresponding high-precision, high-rigidity fixtures and other process equipment to ensure the processing quality. Precision machining should first consider having precision machining machine tools with corresponding accuracy. Many precision machining processes often start with the design and manufacture of ultra-precision machine tools. And the required tools must be configured. At present, there are few general series of precision machining machine tools, and the batch size is not large. Precision machining machine tools are very expensive and need to be specially ordered. If the processing on the existing precision machining machine tools cannot meet the requirements. The processing accuracy can be improved through process measures or error compensation.

(3) Detection: Precision machining must have corresponding detection technology to form an integrated processing and detection. There are three ways to detect precision machining: offline detection, in-situ detection and online detection. Offline detection means that after the processing is completed, the workpiece is sent to the inspection room for detection; in-situ detection means that the workpiece is not removed from the machine tool after the processing is completed, and it is detected on the spot. If any problems are found, it is convenient to process again; online detection is to detect during the processing process so that active control and dynamic error compensation can be implemented. Error compensation is an important measure to improve processing accuracy. It is based on the fact that the manufacturing accuracy of the machine tool has reached a certain level. Separate the influencing error and use the error compensation device to compensate the error value. Among them, static error compensation is based on the error value that is sidelined in advance, and is compensated by hardware or software during processing. For example, the pitch error of the machine tool transmission wire can be compensated by a correction ruler; dynamic error compensation is based on online detection and is compensated in real time during processing. Online detection and compensation technology for precision machining is a key technology for achieving quality assurance in precision machining. Integrating detection technology into the content of precision machining and using online measurement methods can enable operators to promptly discover problems with the workpiece and feedback them to the CNC system.